荷兰梵高国家森林公园的马鹿雄鹿, 荷兰 Red deer stag in De Hoge Veluwe National Park, Netherlands (© CreativeNature_nl/Getty Images)

荷兰梵高国家森林公园的马鹿雄鹿, 荷兰 Red deer stag in De Hoge Veluwe National Park, Netherlands (© CreativeNature_nl/Getty Images)

哎呀，好冷啊！ Oh deer, it's cold!

荷兰梵高国家森林公园的马鹿雄鹿，荷兰

想象一下，在一片21平方英里的开阔土地，野生动物自由穿梭，一头雄鹿昂首炫耀着它的鹿角王冠。1909年，安东·克勒勒与海伦娜·克勒勒·穆勒在荷兰海尔德兰开启了一个梦想：建造一座私人庄园，后来成为了梵高国家森林公园。他们的理念是让艺术融入自然，于是将雕塑与景观相结合——亨利·摩尔的《三种直立动机》伫立在潘佩尔瑟沙地，比利时建筑师亨利·范德维尔德设计的总统斯泰恩石凳静静守候，众多艺术作品点缀其间。

如今，公园内的森林、沙丘、荒原和林地，栖息着野猪、狍子、盘羊、狼，以及无数鸟类。但真正的焦点，是雄性红鹿。成年雄鹿体重可达160至240公斤，肩高约1至1.3米。它们以草、树叶和嫩枝为食，也会享用水果和橡子。每到发情季，雄鹿会展示鹿角并发出低沉的吼声，宣示领地。它们的活动范围虽不广，但觅食与求偶的足迹却让整座公园生机盎然。

Red deer stag in De Hoge Veluwe National Park, Netherlands

Picture 21 square miles of open land, wildlife on the move, and a stag flaunting its crown of antlers. In 1909, husband and wife Anton Kröller and Helene Kröller-Müller began building a private estate in Gelderland, Netherlands—what we now know as De Hoge Veluwe National Park. Their vision? To merge art and nature. They brought it to life by placing artwork within the landscape, like 'Three Upright Motives' by English sculptor Henry Moore in the Pampelse Zand and the President Steyn stone bench by Belgian architect Henry van de Velde, among others.

Today, the park's forests, woodlands, sand dunes, and heathlands shelter wild boar, roe deer, mouflon, wolves, and countless birds. Yet red deer stags steal the show. Adult males weigh 350 to 530 pounds and stand about 40 to 50 inches at the shoulder. They graze on grass, leaves, and shoots, but also won't say no to fruit or acorns. During the rut, stags display their antlers and bellow to claim territory. They may not travel far, but their search for food and mates keeps the park alive with movement.