大批熔岩流涌入大洋，大岛，夏威夷州，美国 A series of lava flows spill into the ocean, Big Island, Hawaii, USA (© Ken McCurdy/Getty Images)

大批熔岩流涌入大洋，大岛，夏威夷州，美国 A series of lava flows spill into the ocean, Big Island, Hawaii, USA (© Ken McCurdy/Getty Images)

基拉韦厄火山的威力 The power of Kīlauea

大岛上的熔岩流涌入海洋, 夏威夷

大多数地貌的演变历时数千年，而火山却能在短短数小时内重塑地貌——在夏威夷大岛，这一过程至今仍在持续。为了保护这一不断变化的环境及其所蕴含的科学与自然价值，夏威夷火山国家公园于1916年8月1日正式成立。一个多世纪以来，该公园一直致力于保护这片占地超过35万英亩的区域，其中包括火山地貌、原生森林以及各类珍稀野生动植物。

这座国家公园以其境内的两座火山——基拉韦厄和冒纳罗亚——命名。基拉韦厄是世界上最活跃的火山之一；在某些喷发期间，熔岩会顺坡而下流入太平洋，冷却后形成新的岩石。冒纳罗亚则是按体积计算全球最大的活火山，自1843年有明确记录的首次喷发以来，已喷发过34次。该公园也是多种珍稀生物的家园，其中包括夏威夷的州鸟——夏威夷雁，以及濒临灭绝的夏威夷圆尾鹱。值此周年纪念之际，这座公园继续守护着这片不断演变的动态景观。

Lava flows spill into the ocean on Big Island, Hawaii

Most landscapes change over thousands of years. Volcanoes can reshape them in a matter of hours, and on Hawaii's Big Island, they continue to do just that. Recognizing the scientific and natural importance of this ever-changing environment, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park was established on August 1, 1916. For more than a century, it has protected over 350,000 acres of volcanic terrain, native forests, and rare wildlife.

The national park is named after its two volcanoes—Kīlauea and Mauna Loa. Kīlauea is one of the world's most active volcanoes, and during some eruptions, its lava flows downhill to the Pacific Ocean, where it cools into new rock. Mauna Loa, the world's largest active volcano by volume, has erupted 34 times since its first well-documented eruption in 1843. The park is also home to species such as the nēnē, Hawaii's state bird, and the endangered Hawaiian petrel. As it marks another anniversary today, the park continues to protect a landscape that never stands still.