标签海岸下的文章

太平洋沿岸国家公园保护区，温哥华岛，加拿大 Pacific Rim National Park Reserve, Vancouver Island, Canada (© EmilyNorton/Getty Images)

掠海而过 Passing through, making waves

掀起浪花

在加拿大，“太平洋沿岸鲸鱼节”庆祝成千上万头灰鲸每年春季的迁徙盛况——它们沿着岛屿西海岸近岸而行，场面壮观。这项节日由当地社区于20世纪80年代发起，旨在纪念灰鲸从墨西哥下加利福尼亚的繁殖潟湖启程，踏上北返旅程的重要时刻。

随着时间推移，这一节庆已发展为为期数天的系列活动，聚焦海洋教育与负责任的野生动物观赏。每年3月及4月初是观鲸高峰期，灰鲸在北迁途中会沿海岸停歇、觅食。想知道它们要游多远吗？一次完整的往返迁徙通常长达约1万至1.4万英里。

太平洋沿岸国家公园保护区在这段故事中扮演着重要角色。它受海浪冲刷的海岸线和近海水域，正好位于灰鲸迁徙路线之上。灰鲸是这个季节的主角，而随着座头鲸数量恢复，它们的身影也越来越常见。从长滩的观鲸点到宁静的海角，只要耐心——再加上一点运气——游客就有机会收获难忘的观鲸瞬间。

Pacific Rim Whale Festival

Spring break on Vancouver Island looks a little different. In Canada, the Pacific Rim Whale Festival celebrates the annual spring migration of thousands of gray whales as they pass close to the island's west coast. Created by local communities in the 1980s, the festival marks the whales' return north from breeding lagoons in Baja California, Mexico.

Over time, the festival has grown into a multi-day event centered on ocean education and respectful wildlife viewing. March and early April are peak months, as gray whales move north and pause to rest and feed along the coast. Curious how far they go? A full round-trip migration typically spans about 10,000 to 14,000 miles.

Pacific Rim National Park Reserve plays a key role in this story. Its wave-battered shoreline and nearshore waters sit directly along the migration route. Gray whales dominate the season, while humpback whales are increasingly spotted as their populations recover. From Long Beach lookouts to quiet headlands, patience—and a little luck—can reward visitors with unforgettable moments.

烟囱岩, 雷斯岬国家海岸, 加利福尼亚州, 美国 Chimney Rock, Point Reyes National Seashore, California, USA (© Enrique Aguirre Aves/Getty Images)

崎岖而狂野 Rugged and wild

雷斯岬国家海岸, 加利福尼亚州

这里没有经过精心打磨或精心策划——而这正是它的精髓所在。从旧金山向北驱车仅需一个多小时，便可抵达点雷斯岬国家海岸公园——一个雾气缓缓飘荡、 tule 鹿自由漫步、时间仿佛停滞的地方。该公园于1962年的今天由国会设立，旨在保护这片海岸线，供公众游览和环境保护之用。公园面积超过100平方英里，拥有令人惊叹的景观，从沿海草原和风吹雨打的岬角，到沙滩和道格拉斯冷杉林。

在公园的东界，烟囱岩（如今日图片所示）延伸至太平洋，高耸的悬崖与壮丽的海景相映成趣。其步道被视为西海岸观赏灰鲸迁徙的最佳地点之一。冬季时节，附近隐秘的海滩成为北象海豹的避难所，为观赏野生动物提供了绝佳机会。凭借超过490种鸟类、80多种哺乳动物及众多稀有植物，点雷耶斯（Point Reyes）跻身全国生态多样性最丰富的地区之列。超过150英里的步道邀请游客放慢脚步，沉浸于自然环境之中。

Point Reyes National Seashore in California

It's not polished or curated—and that's exactly the point. Drive just over an hour north of San Francisco, and you'll reach Point Reyes National Seashore—a place where fog drifts slowly, tule elk roam freely, and time seems to pause. Established by Congress on this day in 1962, the park was set aside to protect this piece of coastline for public enjoyment and environmental conservation. It covers over 100 square miles and features an impressive array of landscapes, from coastal prairie and blustery headlands to sandy shores and Douglas fir woodlands.
At the park's eastern boundary, Chimney Rock—seen in today's image—extends into the Pacific Ocean with towering cliffs and sweeping sea views. Its trail is considered one of the best spots on the West Coast to witness the gray whale migration. In the winter months, nearby secluded beaches become a refuge for northern elephant seals, offering an opportunity for wildlife viewing. With over 490 species of birds, more than 80 types of mammals, and numerous rare plants, Point Reyes ranks among the most ecologically diverse places in the country. Over 150 miles of trails invite visitors to slow their pace and immerse themselves in the surroundings.

州立公园，索诺玛海岸，美国加利福尼亚州 Sonoma Coast State Park, California, USA (© Rachid Dahnoun/Tandem Stills + Motion)

潮汐与暮色 Tides and twilight

索诺玛海岸州立公园，加利福尼亚州

索诺玛海岸州立公园拥有风景如画的沙滩、天然拱门和幽静的海湾。该公园建于1934年，涵盖了詹纳湾和博德加湾之间17英里的北加州海岸线。野生动物爱好者可以在这里看到海豹、海狮、鲸鱼以及各种鸟类，比如鹀鸟、莺、雀、麻雀和黄鹂。历史爱好者可以探索海蚀柱形成的痕迹，这些痕迹据说是四万年前在该地区游荡的猛犸象留下的。公园内还有一些历史遗迹，比如19世纪初俄罗斯人在博德加湾建造的堡垒。公园附近的罗斯堡是由俄美公司于1812年建立的。这个定居点标志着俄罗斯殖民在北美最南端的扩张。该要塞主要作为毛皮贸易的枢纽，专注于在太平洋沿岸捕猎海獭。到19世纪30年代中期，毛皮贸易逐渐衰落，1841年，这座堡垒被卖给了美国企业家约翰·萨特。

Sonoma Coast State Park, California

Sonoma Coast State Park offers a picturesque retreat with its sandy beaches, natural arches, and secluded coves. Established in 1934, the park encompasses 17 miles of Northern California coastline between Jenner and Bodega Bay. Wildlife enthusiasts can spot seals, sea lions, whales, and a variety of birds like towhees, warblers, finches, sparrows, and orioles. History buffs will enjoy exploring the sea stack formation with rubbing marks believed to have been made by mammoths that roamed the area 40,000 years ago. The park is also home to historical sites like Bodega Head, where Russians built a fort in the early 1800s.

Fort Ross, near the park, was established in 1812 by the Russian-American Company. This settlement marked the southernmost expansion of Russian colonization in North America. The fort primarily served as a hub for the fur trade, focusing on hunting sea otters along the Pacific coast. By the mid-1830s, the fur trade had declined, and in 1841, the fort was sold to John Sutter, an American entrepreneur.

哈纳之路，毛伊岛，夏威夷，美国 Road to Hana, Maui, Hawaii (© Matteo Colombo/Getty Images)

放慢脚步，享受旅途！ Slow down, enjoy the journey!

哈纳之路，毛伊岛，夏威夷

游客们经常把夏威夷和放松画上等号，但作为该地最著名的景点之一的哈纳之路，可能会让你紧紧抓住方向盘。这条公路沿着毛伊岛的北部海岸，从卡胡卢伊延伸到宁静的哈纳镇，全长64英里，有600多个弯道和许多单行道桥梁。行车途中需要集中注意力，所以不要忘记在郁郁葱葱的雨林和层层叠叠的瀑布前停下来放松一下。哈纳之路沿途的亮点包括天然小径、双子瀑布和怀阿纳帕纳帕州立公园的黑沙滩。

Road to Hana, Maui, Hawaii

With more than 600 curves and numerous one-lane bridges, it's best not to relax too much while navigating Hawaii's famous Road to Hana. It's hard to stay focused though, as the road winds its way through lush surroundings over 64 miles along the northern coast of Maui, from Kahului to Hana. Make a few stops along the way to get the best views of the rainforests and waterfalls that line the route. Popular attractions include the Waikamoi Ridge Trail, the easily accessible Twin Falls, and the black sands of Wai'ānapanapa State Park.

米罗伯塔莫斯海岸线上的楼梯，色萨利，希腊 Stairs on the shoreline at Mylopotamos, Thessaly, Greece (© Orestis Zoumpos/Amazing Aerial Agency)

迎接挑战！ Step up to the challenge!

走楼梯日

是时候加强锻炼了！随着久坐不动的生活方式越来越普遍，保持健康已成为人们关注的焦点。“走楼梯日”的出现是为了提醒人们：一个小小的、有意识的选择也可以对我们的整体健康产生大大的影响。这是由美国肺脏协会发起的一项倡议，旨在倡导人们通过有意识的运动来促进肺部健康。

为了庆祝这一天，我们参观了希腊色萨利地区米罗伯塔莫斯海岸线上的蛇形楼梯。米罗伯塔莫斯坐落在希腊中部多山的皮利翁半岛东海岸，这里有独特的郁郁葱葱的风景和幽静的海滩。松树荫下的小路蜿蜒曲折，通向海滩，走够了怎么办呢？别担心，沿途还有海滩酒吧。

Take the Stairs Day

It's time to step up! Today is Take the Stairs Day, an initiative by the American Lung Association aimed at encouraging us to make small changes that can have a big impact on our well-being.

To mark the day, we're admiring the snake-like steps to Mylopotamos Beach on the mountainous Pelion peninsula, in northern Greece. The sinuous path to this secluded beach winds beneath the cool shade of pine trees. Enough steps for today? Don't worry, there's a beach bar along the way.

ballyvooney海岸，科佩海岸地质公园，爱尔兰 Ballyvooney Cove, Copper Coast Geopark, Ireland (© Andrea Pistolesi/Getty Images)

彩虹的尽头 Where the rainbow ends

圣帕特里克节

准备好迎接三叶苜蓿、游行和所有绿色的东西吧，因为今天是圣帕特里克节。这个节日起源于1000多年前的爱尔兰，但如今该节日已渐渐成为许多国家共同的节日。圣帕特里克节，也被称为“绿帽子节”，是为了纪念爱尔兰守护神圣帕特里克。

今天这张照片拍摄于科佩海岸地质公园，这是联合国教科文组织评选出的世界地质公园之一，位于爱尔兰东南海岸。该地区拥有众多文化和历史遗迹，包括铁器时代的堡垒、刻有文字的石头以及中世纪的教堂废墟。19世纪，这里曾开采过铜矿（copper），科佩（copper）海岸也因此得名。

St. Patrick's Day

Get ready for shamrocks, parades, and all things green, because today is St. Patrick's Day. Many countries around the world recognize the holiday, but the first celebration was in Ireland more than 1,000 years ago. St. Patrick's Day, also known as the Feast of Saint Patrick, is both a cultural and religious celebration recognizing Saint Patrick himself, an Irish, 5th century Christian missionary and bishop.

This view is of Copper Coast Geopark, a UNESCO Global Geopark on the southeast coast of Ireland. The area also boasts a rich cultural heritage, and is dotted with numerous historical sites, including Iron Age forts, inscribed stones, and ruins of medieval churches. This magnificent stretch of undulating cliffs and sandy coves is named after the 19th century copper mines that once operated there.

阿特拉尼，阿马尔菲海岸，意大利 Atrani, Amalfi Coast, Italy (© Amazing Aerial/Shutterstock)

一张来自意大利的明信片 Postcard from Italy

阿特拉尼，阿马尔菲海岸，意大利

阿特拉尼位于意大利西南部的阿马尔菲海岸，房屋的红色粘土屋顶在阳光下非常引人注目。阿特拉尼是意大利最小的城镇之一，镇上只有800居民。这个传统渔村也是阿马尔菲海岸世界文化遗产的一部分。这里保留了原有的建筑特色，是一个完美的地中海度假胜地。游客可以在这里沐浴阳光，在海滨咖啡馆里品尝当地海鲜。

Atrani, Amalfi Coast, Italy

With its red clay roofs above the spangled sea, Atrani shines in the sun on the Amalfi Coast in southwest Italy. Just 800 people get to call Atrani home, while the rest of us can just hope to visit one of the smallest towns in Italy and walk its intricately built roads and admire the small houses perched above the waiting beach. The traditional fishing village is part of the Costiera Amalfitana UNESCO World Heritage Site, and it has kept its traditional characteristics alive. It is a perfect Mediterranean getaway to soak up the sun and enjoy local seafood at a waterfront cafe.

楚科奇海的浮游植物水华，美国阿拉斯加州海岸附近 Blooms of phytoplankton in the Chukchi Sea off the coast of Alaska (© Norman Kuring/Kathryn Hansen/U.S. Geological Survey/NASA)

什么生长得这样茂盛？ What's blooming so brightly?

楚科奇海浮游植物的大量繁殖

在这张酷酷的照片中，数百种深浅的蓝色被大理石镶嵌在一起。不，这不是一件现代艺术作品，它是大自然的杰作。这是一张卫星照片，照片中的浮游植物在阿拉斯加附近盛开，凉爽、咸的楚科奇海与靠近海岸的温暖、新鲜的海水混合在一起。

但究竟什么是浮游植物？它们是微小的太阳能生物，漂浮在海面附近，随洋流漂流。事实上，它们的名字来源于希腊语中植物的“phyton”和流浪者或漂泊者的“planktos”。对于生活在海洋和河口的各种生物来说，浮游植物既美味又营养，对地球上的每一个人都至关重要：浮游植物的光合作用约占世界光合作用的一半，是吸收二氧化碳和释放氧气的太阳能过程。

今天我们谈论浮游植物是为了纪念地球科学周，这是一个鼓励我们所有人学习甚至献身于地球科学的国际活动。今年的主题是“地球科学促进可持续发展世界”，强调科学在维持我们的星球上的作用。所以，是时候掸掉显微镜上的灰尘，参观当地的科学博物馆，或者也许只是了解更多关于美丽的旋转浮游植物的知识。

Blooms of phytoplankton in the Chukchi Sea

Hundreds of shades of blue are marbled together in this cool shot. No, it's not a work of modern art, it's right off the brush of nature. This is a satellite photo of phytoplankton blooming near Alaska as the cool, salty Chukchi Sea mingles with warmer, fresher water closer to shore.

But just what are phytoplankton? They're microscopic sun-powered organisms that float near the surface of the ocean, drifting with the currents. In fact, their name derives from the Greek 'phyton' for plant and 'planktos' for wanderer or drifter. Delicious and nutritious to various creatures living in oceans and estuaries, they're also vital to everyone on Earth: Phytoplankton are responsible for about half of the world's photosynthesis, the sun-powered process that takes in carbon dioxide and releases oxygen.

We're talking phytoplankton today in honor of Earth Science Week, an international event encouraging all of us to learn about or even devote our life to the Earth sciences. This year's theme is 'Earth Science for a Sustainable World,' emphasizing science's role in sustaining our planet. So, time to dust off that microscope, visit your local science museum, or perhaps just learn more about beautiful, swirling phytoplankton.

隐入大海的龙尾 Dragon tails trail to the sea

国际地理多样性日

这些龙尾巴状的结构延伸至西班牙北部巴斯克海岸的比斯开湾，是地球上最独特、最引人注目的地质构造之一。对于地质学家和喜欢看冰凉岩石的人来说，这是一个仙境。巴斯克海岸地质公园（Basque Coast Geopark）在导游的带领下，游客可以发现6000万年不间断的地质历史。

今天是国际地球多样性日，它揭示了地球科学在解决人类今天面临的重大挑战方面的重要性。这可以包括地质学、岩石圈、地球内部大规模结构以及大气、水圈和生物圈的研究。

International Geodiversity Day

These dragon tail-like structures that stretch into the Bay of Biscay on the Basque Coast of northern Spain are part of one of the most unique and remarkable geological formations on the planet. It's a wonderland for geologists, and for people who just like looking at cool rocks. Guided tours of the Basque Coast Geopark allow visitors to discover 60 million years of uninterrupted geological history.

Today is International Geodiversity Day, which brings to light the importance of geoscience in solving major challenges that humanity is facing today. This can include the study of geology, the lithosphere, and the large-scale structure of Earth's interior, as well as the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere.

海上阿尔卑斯山 Alps of the sea

Marine Day in Japan

The striking coastline of Omijima Island has earned it the nickname 'The Alps of the Sea.' Its sheer cliffs and dramatic angles certainly echo the skyscraping peaks in that European mountain range. But a visit to Omijimi Island will take you to the other side of the world, to Kita-Nagato Kaigan Quasi-National Park, in Yamaguchi, Japan. Year-round scuba diving adventures reveal a world under the waves just as beautiful as the one above the surface.

日本的海洋日

大尾岛引人注目的海岸线为它赢得了“海洋阿尔卑斯山”的绰号它陡峭的悬崖和引人注目的角度肯定与欧洲那条山脉上的群峰相呼应。但是，游览大米岛将把你带到世界的另一边，日本山口的北长门凯根准国家公园。一年到头的水肺潜水冒险揭示了波浪下的世界和水面上的世界一样美丽。

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