科尔多瓦清真寺大教堂的内部，安达卢西亚，西班牙 Interior of the Mosque-Cathedral of Córdoba, Andalusia, Spain (© Elena Zolotova/Getty Images)

文化交汇之地 Where cultures converge

安达卢西亚 · 科尔多瓦清真寺大教堂，西班牙

科尔多瓦清真寺大教堂是一部凝固在石头中的编年史，诉说着西班牙层叠交融的历史。它最初由日耳曼的西哥特人建造为一座教堂，公元784年，科尔多瓦倭马亚酋长国的创建者阿卜杜·拉赫曼一世将其改建为清真寺。其宏伟的柱式大厅由一排排石柱支撑，最著名的便是那交错的红白相间拱券。如今，殿内仍保留着 850 多根石柱，其中许多取材自古罗马和早期西哥特建筑。

13世纪的基督教收复运动期间，这场历时数百年的运动旨在从穆斯林统治下收复伊比利亚半岛，清真寺被改建为天主教大教堂。此后，又增建了文艺复兴风格的中殿，使哥特、文艺复兴、巴洛克与伊斯兰艺术在此完美融合。如今，这处被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产的地标，每年吸引数百万游客，他们为其独特的艺术、信仰与历史融合而着迷。尽管历经数百年的修缮与改造，原清真寺的几何纹饰与马蹄形拱门依旧保存完好，仿佛为人们开启了一扇通向科尔多瓦多元文化辉煌过去的窗口。科尔多瓦清真寺大教堂，是共存与征服、信仰与艺术交织的建筑杰作。

Mosque-Cathedral of Córdoba, Andalusia, Spain

The Mosque-Cathedral of Córdoba is a chronicle of Spain's layered history. It began as a church built by the Germanic Visigoths, before being transformed into a mosque in 784 CE by Abd al-Rahman I, founder of the Umayyad Emirate of Córdoba. Its vast hypostyle hall, a space supported by rows of columns, features the famous red-and-white arches shown here. Today, it contains more than 850 columns, many reused from Roman and earlier Visigothic structures.

During the Christian Reconquista in the 13th century—a campaign spanning centuries to reclaim Iberian territories from Muslim rule—the mosque was converted into a Catholic cathedral. Later, a Renaissance nave was added, blending Gothic, Renaissance, and Baroque styles with Islamic heritage. Today, this UNESCO World Heritage Site attracts millions of visitors fascinated by its unique fusion of art, faith, and history. Despite centuries of modifications, the original mosque's geometric patterns and horseshoe arches remain largely intact, offering a glimpse into Córdoba's multicultural past. The Mosque-Cathedral serves as a remarkable story of coexistence, conquest, and architectural brilliance.

特拉蒙塔纳山脉的橄榄园, 马略卡岛, 巴利阿里群岛, 西班牙 Olive orchard in the Serra de Tramuntana, Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain (© cinoby/Getty Images)

让树叶诉说历史 'Leaf' it to history

世界橄榄树日

古老而充满生机，扭曲却坚韧不拔，橄榄树可以存活超过一千年。即便树干伤痕累累、内部中空，它们依然年复一年抽出新叶，成为记录风霜、旱灾与烈火的生命见证。2019年，联合国教科文组织将11月26日定为世界橄榄树日，以纪念这种自约公元前6000年起就被人类栽培的树种。橄榄自古以来不仅承载着实用价值，也蕴含着深刻的象征意义：橄榄油被用于涂抹仪式、医药与日常食用；橄榄叶编织的花环曾加冕奥运冠军；而橄榄枝，更成为延续至今的和平象征。

位于巴利阿里海中的西班牙马略卡岛，正是这段悠久历史的缩影。岛上遍布如今日图片中特拉蒙塔纳山脉般的古老橄榄林，其中一些树木的年岁甚至早于岛上的中世纪大教堂。这里的橄榄被轻柔采摘、数小时内压榨成油，因其果香、杏仁香与草本香而备受珍视。每一场收获都延续着千年的传承：果实滋养生命，木材燃起炉火，根系稳固山坡。跨越千年，橄榄树作为人类文明的见证者，与我们一同走过岁月：始终坚韧、持久，且绿意盎然。

World Olive Tree Day

Ancient yet vibrant, twisted yet resilient, olive trees can live for over a thousand years. Even when scarred or hollowed, their trunks still send out fresh leaves each season—a living record of survival through drought, wind, and fire. In 2019, UNESCO established November 26 as World Olive Tree Day, recognizing these trees that have been cultivated by humans since about 6,000 BCE. Olives have carried both practical and symbolic weight through the ages: their oil was pressed for anointing, medicine, and daily sustenance; crowns of their leaves graced Olympic victors; and their branches became a lasting emblem of peace.

Nestled in the Balearic Sea, the Spanish island of Mallorca embodies this long story, flourishing with groves like those in the Serra de Tramuntana, photographed here. Some trees across the island are older than its medieval cathedrals. Here, olives are gently picked, pressed within hours, and transformed into an oil prized for its fruity, almond, and herbal notes. Each harvest continues a legacy: the fruit nourishes, the wood fuels fires, and the roots stabilize steep slopes. Across millennia, these companions of civilization have witnessed our progress as we witness their endurance—remaining unyielding, persistent, and remarkably green.

佩尼亚罗亚山毛榉森林, 蒙卡约自然公园, 萨拉戈萨, 阿拉贡, 西班牙 Peña Roya beech forest, Moncayo Natural Park, Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain (© David Santiago Garcia/DEEPOL by plainpicture)

秋天来了，你开心吗？ Orange you glad it's fall?

佩尼亚罗亚山毛榉森林，西班牙

西班牙的阿拉贡地区，一般让人想到的是阳光和灌木，而不是森林的阴凉与静谧。然而，当你沿着蒙卡约山坡向上攀登，故事会出现意想不到的转折：一片浓密、低语的山毛榉林悄然迎面而来。这座山犹如气候过山车：山脚是地中海灌木，半山腰是橡树和松林，再往上，霎时间你便置身佩尼亚罗亚，这片山毛榉仙境仿佛在宣告："由我来演绎秋天吧！"

秋天，是它们最耀眼的季节。森林像一床拼接的彩色被子，铺满红、金、橙的斑斓。徒步者踩着落叶，发出欢快的“咔嚓”声；鹿儿在林间轻盈穿行，野猪在灌木丛中拱食，苍鹰、金雕等猛禽的鸣叫，为这片山林配上了背景乐。正当你以为这里只有树木时，蒙卡约却展现出人文风情：山腰间隐匿着修道院，岩壁上依偎着小小的隐修所，还有那些曾把森林当作粮仓的古老村落。如今，人们来这里，不再是为了木材，而是为了徒步、拍照，和那一口甘甜的山间空气。

Peña Roya beech forest, Moncayo Natural Park, Aragon, Spain

Spain's Aragon region isn't exactly famous for its forests—it's more 'sun and scrub' than 'shade and shuffle.' And yet, climb the slopes of Moncayo and you'll walk straight into a twist ending: a dense, whispering beech forest. The mountain is a climate roller coaster. At the bottom? Mediterranean shrubs. Midway up? Oaks and pines. Push further? Suddenly you're in Peña Roya, a beech wonderland that seems to say, 'Surprise, leaf it to me!'

Fall is their show-off season. The forest becomes a patchwork quilt of red, gold, and orange, while hikers crunch happily through the leaves. Deer tiptoe through the trees, wild boar snuffle in the undergrowth, and birds like Eurasian goshawks and golden eagles supply the soundtrack. And just when you think it's all about trees, Moncayo reminds you of its human side: monasteries tucked into the mountainside, hermitages clinging to rocks, and villages that once treated the forest as their pantry. Today, people come not for timber, but for trails, photos, and that sweet mountain air.

蒙弗拉圭国家公园塔霍河畔的猎鹰岩，西班牙 Peña Falcon rock on Tagus river in Monfragüe National Park, Spain (© Daniel Viñé Garcia/Getty Images)

准备仰望天空吧！ Get ready to look up at the sky!

蒙弗拉圭国家公园，西班牙

探索蒙弗拉圭国家公园，这座位于埃斯特雷马杜拉自治区心脏地带的自然瑰宝。从卡塞雷斯市的萨尔托德尔吉塔诺观景台，您可以欣赏到西班牙最壮丽的日落之一，四周环绕着嶙峋的悬崖，天空被金色的光辉染成一片金黄。两条河流——塔霍河和蒂埃塔尔河——横贯公园，塑造了其崎岖的地形，并滋养了丰富多样的野生动植物和地中海植被。这片天堂是自然爱好者和观鸟者的理想之地。秃鹫在公园上空自由翱翔——这里是欧洲最大的秃鹫群落所在地——与西班牙帝国鹰和埃及秃鹫共同栖息，使这里成为真正的生物多样性热点。

当夜幕降临，蒙弗拉格国家公园呈现出一幅截然不同的景象。2011年，该公园因其异常晴朗的夜空——堪称观星的理想之地——而被提名为“星光计划”的星空质量认证候选地。

拥有清晰标记的步道、地中海植物群落以及一座古老阿拉伯城堡的遗址，这座公园是负责任旅游和宁静逃离的理想之地。渴望探索自然、历史与无垠的天空？蒙弗拉格公园应有尽有。体验这片独特之地——无需远行，即可感受远离尘嚣的宁静。

马约尔广场鸟瞰图, 马德里, 西班牙 Aerial view of Plaza Mayor, Madrid, Spain (© AirPano LLC/Amazing Aerial Agency)

网格的心脏 The heart of the grid

马约尔广场鸟瞰图, 马德里,西班牙

从高处俯瞰，马德里（西班牙首都）的马约尔广场（Plaza Mayor）上，整齐的拱廊与瓦片屋顶交织成一幅令人着迷的建筑和谐画卷。这片历史悠久的空间曾是热闹的集市广场“阿拉巴尔广场”（Plaza del Arrabal）的所在地，见证了这座城市数百年来的变迁。这一转变始于1561年，当时皇家法院从托莱多迁至马德里，广场随之归入马德里管辖。受秩序与宏伟愿景的启发，菲利普二世重新构想了这片广场——尽管实际施工直至菲利普三世统治时期的1617年才正式展开。

该广场采用矩形布局，四周环绕着三层高的建筑，共设有237个朝内的阳台。广场共有十个入口，其中九个设有门禁。广场中央矗立着菲利普三世的骑马雕像，该雕像于1848年增设。多年来，该广场曾举办过从地方节庆、斗牛活动到封圣仪式和皇家典礼等各类活动。如今，它仍是一个充满活力的聚集地，举办复活节鼓乐游行、户外音乐会、年度圣诞市场，以及每周日早上的邮票和硬币收藏家市场。

Aerial view of Plaza Mayor, Madrid, Spain

Seen from above, the uniform arcades and tiled rooftops of Plaza Mayor in Madrid—the capital of Spain—create a captivating architectural harmony. Once the site of a bustling market square known as the Plaza del Arrabal, this historic space has witnessed the city's transformation over the centuries. The shift began in 1561, when the plaza came under Madrid's jurisdiction after the royal court moved from Toledo. Inspired by a vision of order and grandeur, King Philip II reimagined the square—though construction did not actually begin until 1617, under the reign of Philip III.

Featuring a rectangular layout, the plaza is framed by three-story buildings with 237 inward-facing balconies. It has 10 entrances, nine of which are gated. At its center stands the equestrian statue of Philip III, added in 1848. Over the years, the square has hosted everything from local festivities and bullfights to beatifications and royal ceremonies. Today, it remains a vibrant gathering place, featuring Easter drum parades, outdoor concerts, an annual Christmas market, and a Sunday morning market for stamp and coin collectors.

祖马亚的复理层，巴斯克地区，西班牙 Layers of flysch in Zumaia, Basque Country, Spain (© Eloi_Omella/Getty Images)

随海而流的岩石！ Rocks that flow with the sea!

祖马亚的复理层，巴斯克地区，西班牙

这些壮观的岩层坐落于西班牙北部的祖马亚海岸，面向坎塔布连海。对于喜爱徒步的人来说，这里设有沿悬崖而建的远足路线，可通往邻近的德巴和穆特里库等小镇，沿途风光令人叹为观止。你知道吗？这里还是《权力的游戏》部分场景的取景地。它如同电影画面般的美景不仅吸引了无数好奇的旅行者，也吸引了众多地质学家前来考察。祖马亚是探索地球历史与自然之美的理想之地，一旦踏足，定会被它的奇岩异石与丰富地貌深深吸引。

里瓦德塞利亚，阿斯图里亚斯，西班牙 (© Agnieszka Glowala/Getty Images)

理想的世界！

里瓦德塞利亚，阿斯图里亚斯，西班牙

在这个夏天，阿斯图里亚斯以其独特的景观迎接你的到来。里瓦德塞利亚崎岖壮丽的海岸线分布着圣玛丽娜和瓜达米亚等海滩，海与山在此交汇，勾勒出独一无二的景观。附近的世界遗产提托·布斯蒂略洞穴，洞壁画距今已有14000多年，为你开启一段跨越时空的探索之旅。

如果你渴望更多刺激，不妨尝试在塞亚河上划独木舟，或攀登莫弗雷丘山。这里还常有热闹的节庆等着你加入：就在几英里外的纳瓦，当地正在举办苹果酒节。之后，你还可以观看现场的国际倒酒大赛，这项传统活动总能带来惊喜与欢乐。

你知道吗，这座城镇始建于13世纪，由阿方索十世下令建立。历史、自然与欢愉在里瓦德塞利亚交织，共同等待着你的探索。阿斯图里亚斯定会让你此行不虚此行。

大加那利岛拉斯帕尔马斯色彩缤纷的房屋鸟瞰图，西班牙 Aerial view of colorful houses, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (© Marco Bottigelli/Getty Images)

生活的画卷 Canvas of life

大加那利岛拉斯帕尔马斯色彩缤纷的房屋，西班牙

如果你渴望在这个夏天探索一片遥远的风景，不妨跟随我们的步伐，走进拉斯帕尔马斯。这座充满活力的城市是加那利群岛的两大首府之一，同时也是群岛中人口最多的城市。加那利群岛隶属于西班牙，位于大西洋之上，而拉斯帕尔马斯坐落于大加那利岛东北海岸，拥有超过38万居民，是该地区重要的港口及商业中心。从空中俯瞰，这座城市色彩斑斓的建筑为像圣胡安山这样的社区增添了鲜明的层次感，这里的房屋依山而建。拉斯帕尔马斯建于1478年，历史底蕴深厚，曾受到西班牙殖民、海上贸易与移民潮的多重影响。如今，它以典型的亚热带沙漠气候闻名，冬季平均气温约16摄氏度，夏季则在27摄氏度左右。同时，这里还拥有被誉为欧洲最佳城市海滩之一的拉斯坎特拉斯海滩。

Colorful houses of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain

If you're eager to explore faraway landscapes this summer, let us take you to Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. This vibrant city is one of the capitals and the most populous city in the Canary Islands, an archipelago belonging to Spain. Located on the northeastern coast of the island of Gran Canaria, Las Palmas is home to over 380,000 people and serves as a major port and commercial hub in the Atlantic. The city's distinctive palette of painted buildings—seen here from above—adds striking color to neighborhoods like Risco de San Juan, where homes are built into the hillsides. Founded in 1478, Las Palmas has a layered history shaped by Spanish colonization, maritime trade, and migration. Today, it is known for its subtropical desert climate—with average temperatures ranging from 60°F in winter to 80°F in summer—and for Las Canteras Beach, one of the best urban beaches in Europe.

Thanks to its proximity to the African continent, this Spanish island offers insight into two cultures: Spanish customs and African traditions combine to form a unique blend in the heart of the volcanic archipelago.

米拉韦特，埃布罗河，加泰罗尼亚塔，西班牙 Miravet on the Ebro river, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain (© Eloi_Omella/Getty Images)

穿越数个世纪的流淌 Flowing through the centuries

米拉韦特，加泰罗尼亚，西班牙

在某些城镇中，现代化占据主导地位，而西班牙的米拉韦特村则似乎有意维持其历史原貌。这座位于加泰罗尼亚的村落依傍埃布罗河畔的悬崖而建，至今保留着鲜活的中世纪风貌。一座古堡仍俯瞰全境，陶艺匠人如同停留于14世纪，而当地的渡船至今仍未引入现代机动化技术。欢迎来到这座连河水都显得格外悠然的村庄。作为西班牙最长的河流，埃布罗河蜿蜒流淌，承载着伊比利亚人、罗马人、摩尔人与圣殿骑士的历史。历史上，当地居民依赖河水进行贸易、运输与防御。时至今日，游客仍可见皮划艇和渡船缓缓穿行其间，沿着曾为十字军战士所行的水道悠然漂流。

村落之上的米拉韦特城堡建于12世纪，最初由摩尔人修建，后经法国军事修会——圣殿骑士团加固扩建。该要塞历经风雨，依然屹立。厚重的城墙、具战略意义的塔楼及其俯瞰河流的地理位置，使城堡具备显著防御优势。米拉韦特现有居民不足700人，村庄由石砌房屋与狭窄巷道构成，形成一片安静的“迷宫”式聚落。其最初的规划用于防御入侵者，而今却也令不少游客在其中迷失方向。村内仍可见犹太人聚居区遗址，现为一处视野开阔的观景点。整体氛围静谧，仅偶尔被鸟鸣、钟声，或陶罐轻轻碰撞所打破。

Miravet, Catalonia, Spain

Some towns live in the present. Miravet in Spain politely declined. Clinging to a cliff above the River Ebro, this Catalan village offers a living glimpse into the Middle Ages. A castle keeps its perch, potters spin like it's the 1300s, and the local ferry still refuses to join the motor age. Welcome to the village where even the river seems too relaxed to rush. As Spain's longest river, the Ebro winds through tales of Iberians, Romans, Moors, and Knights Templar. Locals once relied on its waters for trade, transport, and even defense. Today, you'll spot kayakers, ferry boats, and visitors drifting through the same currents where Crusaders once crossed.

Perched above the village, the Miravet Castle dates to the 12th century. Built by the Moors and later fortified by the French military order Knights Templar, this fortress was made to last. Thick walls, strategic towers, and a commanding view of the river made sure of that. With a population of less than 700, the village is a quiet maze of stone houses and narrow lanes, built to confuse invaders and, coincidentally, modern tourists. There's a former Jewish quarter, viewpoints that deliver postcard-worthy angles, and plenty of silence—broken only by birds, bells, and the occasional clay jug clinking into place.

巴尔德纳斯雷亚尔斯自然公园的卡斯蒂尔德蒂拉，纳瓦拉，西班牙 El Castildetierra en las Bardenas Reales de Navarra, España (© Eloi_Omella/Getty Images)

童话烟囱！ ¡Las chimeneas de hadas!

巴尔德纳斯雷亚尔斯自然公园的卡斯蒂尔德蒂拉，纳瓦拉，西班牙

在西班牙纳瓦拉自治区这片独特的半沙漠景观中心，矗立着一座标志性的岩石地貌：卡斯蒂尔德蒂耶拉。它如天然石塔般的轮廓，是风与水共同侵蚀的杰作，也是这一地区的象征。此地已被联合国教科文组织列为生物圈保护区。

纳瓦拉这片自然瑰宝，占地超过41,000公顷，拥有壮丽的景观。这里的土壤由黏土、石膏和砂岩组成，经过数百年的自然作用，形成了峡谷、高原与各种引人注目的地貌景观。这里没有城市的喧嚣，只有最原始、广袤的自然。徒步、骑行或驾车穿行其间，你将被它粗犷的美所震撼，同时还能观察到丰富的野生动物，例如兀鹫等猛禽。由于其如电影布景般的外观，这里也常被用作影视剧的拍摄场地。如果你正在寻找西班牙独一无二的旅行目的地，那就来探索巴尔德纳斯雷亚莱斯与雄伟的卡斯蒂尔德蒂拉吧！让自己陶醉在这独特的风景之中！

Rotunda of the Minnesota State Capitol, St. Paul

A grand and gilded sight—the Minnesota State Capitol in St. Paul is waiting to be explored. Home to the state Senate and House of Representatives, the governor's office, and the attorney general's office, the 1905 building also houses a chamber for the Minnesota Supreme Court. Architect Cass Gilbert's Beaux-Arts design features a remarkable dome that was inspired by St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican City. It is the second-largest self-supported marble dome in the world.

The dome was built in three layers, each serving a different purpose. The outermost layer, made of Georgia marble, holds itself up by sheer weight alone. Inside, a brick-and-steel cone adds support and helps drain water to withstand Minnesota's harsh winters. The innermost layer is the ornately decorated dome visible from the rotunda floor. At its base, 12 marble eagles stand alongside the surrounding columns. Crowning the structure is an elegant stone lantern, topped with a gleaming gold-leaf-covered finial globe.